​What is Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation?

Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation, or MIH, is a condition that affects the tooth enamel.

This happens during tooth development if the enamel did not develop and harden normally. This could show up as white, cream, yellow or brown patches on the affected teeth. About 1 in 10 children¹ in Singapore experience varying severity of MIH.

Figure 1. Pictures of teeth affected by MIH as highlighted by the black arrows

Which teeth are involved?

Figure 2. Types of teeth most frequently or occasionally affected by MIH

What your child may experience:

​​1. Discoloured patches on the front teeth which appears “chalky”	​2. Increased sensitivity to cold food or drink	​​3. Enamel is brittle and may chip off easily with chewing forces
​4. MIH-affected teeth are more prone to tooth decay​ ​ Effective toothbrushing with 1450ppm fluoridated toothpaste twice a day will help to prevent tooth decay Dietary habits that cause tooth decay usually involves frequent high-sugar intake. Choose whole foods instead of processed, sweetened foods whenever possible.

What causes MIH?

• There is no confirmed single cause of MIH. It is not shown to be due to lack of nutritional calcium.
  

• Other factors may include genetic predisposition, illness, medication in children below 3 years old.
  

Dental treatment your child may require:

1. Applying a protective sealant on mildly affected molars
   

2. Fillings for affected teeth with cavities
   

3. Possible extraction of severely affected molars before 12 years old
   

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References:

¹ Data derived from JJ Ng, et al. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2015 Mar